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Cadenti
logic family
medium scale integration
metal oxide semiconductor
ac register
accumulator logic
adder circuit
basic computer design
branch unconditionally
flowchart
input and output communication
input output instruction
input register
interrupt cycle
logic adder circuits
logic gates
output register
register and memory
binary code
binary number
clock pulse
data types
decimal numbers
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Instruction Codes
The organization of the computer is defined by its internal registers, the timing and control structure, and the set of instructions that it uses. The design of the computer is then carried out in detail.
The internal organization of a digital system is defined by the sequence of microoperations it performs on data stored in its registers. The general-purpose digital computer is capable of executing various microoperations and, in addition, can be instructed as to what specific sequence of operations it must perform. The user of a computer can control the process by means of a program. A program is a set of instructions that specify the operations, operands, and the sequence by which processing has to occur. The data-processing task may be altered by specifying a new program with different instructions or specifying the same instructions with different data.
A computer instruction is a binary code that specifies a sequence of microoperations for the computer. Instruction codes together with data are stored in memory. The computer reads each instruction from memory and places it in a control register. The control then interprets the binary code of the instruction and proceeds to execute it by issuing a sequence of microoperations. Every computer has its own unique instruction set. The ability to store and execute instructions, the stored program concept, is the most important property of a general-purpose computer.