• Cadenti
  logic family
  medium scale integration
  metal oxide semiconductor
  ac register
  accumulator logic
  adder circuit
  basic computer design
  branch unconditionally
  flowchart
  input and output communication
  input output instruction
  input register
  interrupt cycle
  logic adder circuits
  logic gates
  output register
  register and memory
  binary code
  binary number
  clock pulse
  data types
  decimal numbers
  

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Instruction Cycle

A program residing in the memory unit of the computer consists of a sequence of instructions. The program is executed in the computer by going through a cycle for each instruction. Each instruction cycle in turn is subdivided into a sequence of subcycles or phases. In the basic computer each instruction cycle consists of the following phases:

1. Fetch an instruction from memory.

2. Decode the instruction.

3. Read the effective address from memory if the instruction has an indirect address.

4. Execute the instruction.

Upon the completion of step 4, the control goes back to step 1 to fetch, decode, and execute the next instruction. This process continues indefinitely unless a HALT instruction is encountered.

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