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Random-Access Memory

 In random-access memory (RAM) the memory cells can be accessed for information transfer from any desired random location. That is, the process of locating a word in memory is the same and requires an equal amount of time no matter where the cells are located physically in memory: thus the name "random access."

Figure 2-12

Communication between a memory and its environment is achieved through data input and output lines, address selection lines, and control lines that specify the direction of transfer. A block diagram of a RAM unit is shown in Fig. 2-12. The n data input lines provide the information to be stored in memory, and the n data output lines supply the information coming out of memory. The k address lines provide a binary number of k bits that specify a particular word chosen among the 2k available inside the memory. The two control inputs specify the direction of transfer desired.

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